Different tools for different clinical goals
TENS
Sensory electrical stimulation used for symptom modulation in selected pain presentations.
NMES
Motor-level stimulation used to support selected muscle activation and rehabilitation goals.
Therapeutic ultrasound
Also called sonotherapy, an acoustic modality whose usefulness depends on the condition and protocol.
Laser therapy
BTL light-based treatment considered for selected pain and tissue-recovery goals after screening.
Traction
BTL mechanical traction available for carefully selected presentations, with dose and response monitored.
Magnetotherapy
BTL magnetic-field therapy with indication and contraindication review. It is not the same as Exomind TMS or Emsculpt HIFEM+.
Availability does not mean routine use for every diagnosis
NICE advises against routine traction, acupuncture and therapeutic ultrasound for low-back pain with or without sciatica. This does not mean every modality is ineffective for every condition, but it prevents marketing them as standard cures for slipped disc or sciatica.
When a modality is used, the page and consent discussion should state the target symptom, expected duration, alternatives and stopping rule.
Contraindications differ between machines
Implanted electronic devices, pregnancy, cancer, infection, impaired sensation, circulation, seizure risk, metal and the treatment area may affect suitability. Device-specific instructions and clinician screening are followed.
Frequently asked questions
Which modality is best for back pain?
No machine is best for every back-pain diagnosis. Education, activity and exercise are usually central, with modalities considered only for selected goals.
Is magnetotherapy the same as TMS?
No. Rehabilitation magnetotherapy, Exomind transcranial magnetic stimulation and Emsculpt HIFEM+ use different systems, targets and clinical pathways.
Can I use TENS with a pacemaker?
Implanted electronic devices require specific medical and manufacturer safety review before electrical stimulation.
Related guidance
Clinical references
Authoritative sources used for the educational review: